Monitoring with reverb

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No, not that monitoring. I’m talking about feeding a reverb-processed version of a singer’s voice back into her/his headphones as s/he is recording.

Don’t do it

For years I’ve preferred to give singers no reverb in their headphones. The intent is that they can clearly hear the details in their voice and thus deliver a better performance.

It’s for the same reason that I usually have my singers monitor through some gentle compression and top-end boost. It’s so they can hear the details in their voice. I find that the top-end boost in particular usually results in a noticeable improvement in the singer’s intonation. Try it.

Occasionally a singer will ask for some reverb, and I happily oblige. Whatever the singer is used to or makes her/him more comfortable. But unless s/he asks, I don’t offer.

Do it

This year I’ve started a project where the reverb is an integral part of the creative direction and the sound of the project. Specifically, we’re talking ValhallaShimmer being fed by the lead vocal at unity. In other words, the reverb is just as loud as the vocal. And if you’ve never used or heard Shimmer, you need to know that it’s not a regular reverb – it’s designed for plate-like intergalactic ambient washes. And there’s a pitch shifter in the feedback path. So it’s pretty distinctive. And I’m using a lot of it.

Not for a subtle sense of air or ambience, but as a synthetic pad-like sound that’s triggered by the vocal. Multi-second pitch shifting voice-like ghosts that sometimes overpower the rest of the track.

So, a few weeks ago I started recording final vocals for the project and I thought to try having the singer monitor through the reverb. Because the reverb responds very sensitively to the voice and is such an important part of the sound, I guessed that hearing the way the reverb responds to the voice would affect the singer’s performance.

And it did.

She felt that singing with the reverb was a little bit like singing with another musician. The reverb would respond to her performance, and then her performance would respond to the reverb. It also helped her to perform in a way that better suited the music (the rest of the instruments were mostly dry).

Do what you want

The fact that I had a situation where it made sense to monitor through reverb doesn’t mean my initial assumptions were false or that my ‘old ways’ were wrong. What happened was that I was working on a project that didn’t abide by my usual approach of using reverb subtly in the background and applying it toward the end of the mixing process.

This is not a ‘shake things up’ or ‘try something new‘ post. It’s not about changing work habits just for the sake of it. Your work habits are habits for a reason. They’re habits because they work for you and help you make music. Don’t ignore that.

But always be aware of your work habits and, more importantly, be aware of the reasons for your work habits. When you come across a situation where the reasons don’t apply or aren’t suitable, be prepared to take a different approach.

-Kim.

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A hard-knock life

Stijn Debrouwere:

People care about the news. They want to pay for it. They want the light stuff and the deep stuff too. They just don’t want as much of it as we — journalists and media makers — produce. But we forge ahead and produce it anyway. We love journalism so much we create supply without demand.

Replace ‘journalism’ with ‘music’ and it translates beautifully.

That doesn’t mean you shouldn’t try. It means you should try even harder.

-Kim.

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What do you do when no-one’s watching?

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Sometimes clients cancel. Sometimes it’s not because they’re flaky and don’t believe in themselves. Sometimes people just get sick. It’s ok.

Anyway, this post isn’t about self-esteem and motivation. Or maybe it is.

Occasionally, I find myself with some time on my hands. Occasionally, you might too. What do you do?

Do nothing

Ha, you thought I was going to say ‘get some work done’? Sometimes not doing any work is the most important thing you can do. We’re flooded with things to read and do. Email, blogs, forums, manuals, software updates, troubleshooting, practice. And because they’re somewhat related to our work, they feel like work. Yeah, I just knocked off a hundred items in my RSS reader. Feels good to be productive. Or does it? Did reading those hundred items make me a better composer, producer or engineer? Probably not. There are only so many ‘5 tips to EQ your bass‘ articles I can read before they start to repeat themselves and become a blur. It wasn’t work, it just felt like it.

I sometimes think about the way I spend my time by dividing it into ‘structured thinking’ and ‘unstructured thinking’. Yes, I’m always thinking. Even when I’m not.

Structured thinking is what happens when I’m doing anything vaguely resembling work. Obviously, it includes anything I’m doing in the studio. It also includes things like planning, administration and all the work-like activities (such as email, blogs, software updates, etc). It’s what happens when my thoughts are deliberate.

Unstructured thinking, however, is what happens when I’m not doing anything like that. It’s when I’m walking outside, or cooking, or waiting for a client to cancel. It’s when I have a significant period of time (i.e. more than twenty minutes) when I’m not trying to think about anything in particular. I let my mind wander. I ponder things without the expectation of creating or solving anything.

The interesting thing, however, is that this is the time when have my most significant creative leaps and I move closer to solving my biggest challenges. This is the time when I connect the dots. Synthesise disparate thoughts. Speculate. This is when my thoughts to things that I didn’t tell them to do. And that’s important.

Do something

Get some work done. Got some free time? Use it to make yourself better. Push things forward. Build a little more. Because if you know what’s holding you back, you’ve not got a few hours to iron those creases. Pump the drain. Clear those blockages. Torture those metaphors.

Here’s the real key – doing work in this time is only worthwhile if it pays off later down the track. That is, if it makes a measurable difference in future sessions. So futzing about with plugins you won’t use on an actual session is a waste of time. Reading endless forum posts about the Virus versus the synth of the day is a waste of time. Reading your emails when you’ve already got another time set aside to deal with them is a waste of time.

But programming some presets as starting points for the kinds of sounds you’ll use is a time-saver. Learning the advanced options on your reverb will allow you to craft a more appropriate ambience (or intergalactic afterburner, if that’s your thing) for your mix. Software updates can give you new features or better compatibility. Reading your manuals can help you unlock features or discover shortcuts. All this stuff helps you make better quality work in less time. And that’s important.

Do what?

It’s up to you. Do nothing. Do something. Vacuum your carpet. Daydream. But whatever you do, do it deliberately. Make a conscious choice about how you spend your time, with the consideration of how it’ll help you in the future. The time you have for yourself is the most valuable because if you spend it well it’ll pay itself back many times over. You get to choose.

And that’s important.

-Kim.

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Phase vs polarity

Randy Coppinger:

You’ll see a button on some mic preamps and other audio gear labeled Phase, Phase Reverse, Phase Invert, etc. This is really Polarity.

I can’t believe how often people get this wrong. Mix engineers without an *actual engineering* background I can excuse – they simply don’t know any better. What surprises and disappoints me, however, is when gear is labelled incorrectly. Seriously, this stuff is designed by *actual engineers* who should know better.

It’s like confusing frequency with pitch. For most people, the two terms are as good as interchangeable. In some contexts (such as designing synthesisers), the difference between frequency and pitch is the difference between pleasant music and a cacophonous mess.

Also, the linked article is pretty good. You know, science. It works.

-Kim.

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No more IK Multimedia

Those of you who have known me for a while know I used to be a rep for eSoundz and IK Multimedia. From back in the SampleTank 1 days. I have been a heavy user of SampleTank2, T-RackS, CSR and Amplitube3. They hit the right spot for me – the right balance between editability and accessibility.

The first program to be replaced was SampleTank2. I was using a heavily customised library based on Sonik Synth 2, Miroslav and a few other bits and pieces. It’s been years since it was last updated, and I found myself using Kontakt for some sample mangling and 3rd-party libraries. In my overall quest for consolidation and simplification, I started using Kontakt’s factory library as my ‘go-to’ sound source instead of SampleTank2. When I bought my new studio computer, I had been using Kontakt exclusively for some time and decided not to install SampleTank2. I can’t successfully open some projects from several years ago, but that doesn’t bother me. It’s old stuff.

CSR was the next to be replaced. I’ve used it for years and loved it. But I was starting to get tired of the sound and was starting to look for a different flavour. I recently switched to ValhallaRoom and ValhallaShimmer, which give me a lot more flexibility in shaping the reverb sound. I’ve still got CSR installed, but I don’t use it anymore.

Up until a week ago, T-RackS and Amplitube3 were part of my regular toolkit.

In the T-RackS suite, I used the Linear Phase EQ (not in linear phase mode) for mid/side adjustments and precise tonal control where VibeEQ wouldn’t cut it. The Opto Compressor and Pultec EQ were standard fixtures on my mix bus. The Opto was almost always in unlinked L/R mode and the Pultec was almost always in mid/side mode. I also used the ‘Classic’ multiband-limiter as my regular mastering limiter (usually with the overload control turned all the way up – you’d be surprised how transparent it is).

I don’t record guitar very often, but Amplitube3 (and 2 and 1 before it) gave me the tones I needed. I’m not very picky about guitar sounds though.

And then I had a terrible experience.

I was working on a session with an artist and we were about to record an electric bass. I pulled up Amplitube3 and… Cubase crashed. Tried it again to be sure, and it happened again.

Ok, fine, I’ll use Am|phibia. It’s fine as a basic cabinet. No worries.

So, working on the same song a few sessions later, and T-RackS started doing the same thing. Ok, fine. I’ve got an artist here so I have to keep the session flowing. I use Am|track for mix-bus compression. Not ideal, but it’ll do for now. I’ll track down the problem later.

So, in my next session of downtime, I did some systematic troubleshooting. Turns out Amplitube3 and some T-RackS plugins bring down Cubase when Melodyne is also used in the session. Reliably reproducible. If Melodyne is already in the session, the IK plugs bring down Cubase as soon as they’re loaded. If the IK plugs are already in the session, loading Melodyne makes Cubase go erratic and unstable before finally bringing it down.

So I have to choose between Melodyne and my IK plugins.

I kinda like both, so I have to consider what the alternatives are. For Melodyne, not much. Cubase’s built-in Melodyne copy has tragic usability. I wouldn’t use it even if there were no such thing as Melodyne. And I’m not going anywhere near Autotune or Waves or other plugins with complicated copy protection. I’m trying to reduce complexity in my system. So Melodyne’s going to be pretty difficult to replace. There’s not much else out there that does what it can do.

So what about the IK plugins? There are plenty of options for gentle bus-type compression and mid/side surgical EQ. In the end, I went for the Fabfilter compressor and EQ. I already use and love Volcano, Timeless, Twin2 and, more recently, Saturn. They’re a bit more tweaky than the IK plugins, but not so much as to cause problems.

Amplitube3, on the other hand, wasn’t so easy. While I’m not picky about my guitar sounds, I want the flexibility to achieve a fairly wide variety of sounds. And I don’t want to replace one plugin with a smattering of amp sims to cover my bases. And again, my goal is to reduce complexity in my setup, so I want to avoid taking on plugins with complicated copy protection. An amp sim by a company that makes plugins I’m already using would be ideal.

After a bit of searching I couldn’t find anything satisfactory. Fortunately I’m not doing much guitar music at the moment, so I can afford to take my time. So if something comes up I’ll probably just use Cubase’s built-in amp sim. I tried it out and it’s not as bad as I remember – maybe it’s been improved over the last few updates? I don’t know.

I didn’t want to consider workarounds. When I’m working I have enough stuff to keep in my head without also having to remember which combination of plugins is going to crash my DAW. No way.

Also, I’m starting to see the appeal of one-stop shops like Waves and Native Instruments. With something like Platinum Bundle and Komplete, you’d have a lot of high-quality music-making tools while only having to deal with two companies.

Even better would be using only the plugins that come with the DAW.

Not yet, but maybe one day in the future.

-Kim.

 

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Clicky keyboards

Shawn Blanc:

As someone who writes for a living it befuddles me why I never thought to research a proper keyboard.

As a computer-nerd-slash-writer, I am always looking and advocating for the right tools. But for years, I have always equated “writing tools” with “software” — I own more text editors than I have fingers to type with — but it never dawned on me until recently that a good keyboard could be equally as important as a good text editor.

I own a dozen different writing applications, a programming application or two, an email application, and a blog-posting application. And what do they all have in common? They all get typed into via a single, solitary device: my keyboard.

It’s a long post and it gets pretty esoteric, but the general message is clear: there’s so much noise about software (and, in our world, noise-making hardware) that it’s easy to overlook the less-exciting equipment. The equipment that might be boring or unsexy but we use every day. Some of this equipment we use more than any actual ‘studio gear’. I’ll bet you spend more time setting on your chair, touching your (computer) keyboard/mouse/trackpad and staring at your screen than you do using any individual software program or plugin.

Of course, the kind of keyboard Shawn is writing about is terribly inappropriate for our line of work (I actually quite like Apple’s current keyboards because they’re relatively quiet). But the same attention to detail applies to us. Think about your own studio. Are you still using a crappy MIDI/USB controller keyboard? What’s the lighting like? Is the room large enough to feel comfortable? Does your studio smell nice?

Ultimately, the work we do is creative. The fewer barriers to our creativity, the better work we can do. And the way we feel has a profound impact on how well we can tap our creativity.

Is your studio a place where you (and your artists) feel good?

-Kim.

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The fear or failure

Graham Cochrane:

Don’t be afraid. Just get to work. Work hard. Educate yourself. Try new things. Make mistakes. Get feedback. Have thick skin. Don’t be so timid that you lose out. There’s no magic bullet to audio recording and mixing improvement, only experience, time, and hard work.

Exactly.

-Kim.

 

 

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Are control surfaces worth it?

Joe Gilder:

A control surface doesn’t do a single thing to improve the sound quality of your mixes. I promise you if you mix a song on a control surface, I’m not going to be able to tell.

Instead of dropping $1,000+ on a glorified mouse, I’d rather spend that money improving the quality of my recordings.

Joe’s got a good point, but I don’t agree 100%.

He’s right that control surfaces don’t affect the sound. If you’re looking to improve your sound, a control surface of any kind will be a waste of money. Better to upgrade the weakest link in your signal chain or improve your knowledge.

But things that don’t directly affect the sound are sometimes worth a lot.

As I wrote earlier, there are three main things that will hold you back: skills, tools and time. When you’re at a stage in your career development that your skills and tools are holding you back, anything that saves time probably won’t solve any big problems for you.

But when your skills and tools are no longer holding you back, it’s only time. And something that saves you time – even just a small amount – can be worth a lot. Especially if you charge a lot for your time. But you already knew that.

The other factor to consider is comfort. My candles don’t improve my sound (the improve the smell in my studio though!). And I’ll recommend scented candles to anyone who wants add a more atmosphere or ward off evil spirits. It’s like having a comfortable chair or your favourite mouse/trackpad. It’s about feeling calm and comfortable while you work.

Lastly, a control surface that just sits there and looks cool can have a real benefit in impressing clients. Yes, it’s very expensive furniture. But if you’re showing your studio to potential clients, just a single extra client can make it a worthwhile purchase. It’s not ‘fake’ to buy something like that just for your clients. They come in with their own preconceived ideas about what a recording studio looks like. You probably can’t change that straight away[1]. A control surface or big mixing console is just as functional as carefully-chosen prints on the wall or a suitable colour scheme for the couch and rug. Anything that makes the client feel safe and comfortable is serious business. Don’t dismiss it.

By the way, I don’t use a control surface. I used up that space with hardware keyboards and synths (and guitars).

-Kim.

[1] Especially if you don’t have an existing relationship with the client. Once you’ve built up mutual trust and respect you can begin to explain how studios really work these days.

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What to do with all that spare time… help others

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So what happens when you become so efficient – your workflow so tightly tuned – that end up with more time than you need?

Well, spending less time making the same amount of music seems silly. Because the reward for being good at making music shouldn’t be less time making music. The reward for being good at making music should be more music.

But what music?

When your capacity to make music exceeds your personal need to express yourself artistically, I think you need to start focussing that spare capacity on helping others. I think it’s an obligation. It’s not just for music – it’s any skill. Once you’ve developed a high level of expertise, you have an obligation to help other people or pass it on to others.

That help can take many different forms. You could work with artists to help record their music. You could teach composition techniques to young hopefuls. You could open up a recording studio. You could even start a blog and share your knowledge online.

I’ve often lamented the phrase “those who can’t do, teach”. I think teaching shouldn’t be done by people who tried their hand at a skill but couldn’t stick with it long enough to get good at it. I think teaching should be done by people who are experienced in their field.

What are you doing to help others?

Or if you’re not there yet, how would you like to help others?

-Kim.

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Why do we need to be more efficient?

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It takes a certain amount of work to make a piece of music. To do that work, you need time, tools and skill.

Those three elements are interdependent. For example, if you have the right tools and skill, you need less time. If you don’t have the right tools, you might be able to compensate by spending a bit more time, but you’ll need a high skill level. If you have low skills, the having the right tools won’t make much difference. You probably know this intuitively.

Over time, you should be developing your skills. As your skills develop, you’ll gain a more refined sense of what the right tools (for you!) are. You’ll also find that you need less time to do the work.

Roughly speaking, there a three stages of development as a modern composer, producer or engineer:

  1. When we begin, it is our skills that limit us. We have all the time we need and our tools are more capable than we know. In particular, getting ‘better’ tools won’t help us. Spending more time on a song won’t help us.
  2. As our skills develop, our skills become less of a limiting factor. We start to discover how our tools might be holding us back. We start to explore different designs for compressors, equalisers, reverbs, and other more specialised mix equipment. If we’re also recordists, we’ll explore different microphones, audio interfaces and outboard equipment. If we’re composers or producers, we might look at how our instruments can better serve us.
  3. Once we’ve achieved a fairly high level of skill and we’ve built our studio with the right gear (whatever suits our personal style and taste), the final limiting factor is time. We can make music at a satisfactory quality level (notwithstanding creative expression, which should always be developing). If only we had more time, we could create more music.

But do we really want to make more music?

What if we could make more music than we know what to do with? Is there such a thing as ‘enough’?

When I finished my solo album, it had taken me about three years (among other projects) from writing the first lyrics to the final master. Now I could do the same work in three months. That’s not because I’d spend more hours doing it (if anything, I’d spend fewer hours), but because my skill and equipment have developed so much since then. That’s why paying attention to workflow is so important. It’s powerful stuff.

But I don’t need to write, record and release four solo albums every year.

Even one is a lot.

So, this probably sounds like I think I’m the Übermensch or something. But I don’t write this to celebrate myself. Instead, I’m thinking out loud about career development. What lies beyond the three stages I outlined above? What’s next?

Before we move on, I’d love to hear from you: Where are you in your career? What stage are you at? What do you think is your limiting factor?

Next: What to do with all that spare time.

-Kim.

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